Parkinson’s Disease: Gene Therapies
When more than 20 mg of simvastatin, a lipid-lowering agent, are given with amlodipine, the risk of myopathy increases.[40] The FDA issued a warning to limit simvastatin to a maximum dose of 20 mg if taken with amlodipine based on evidence from the SEARCH trial.[41] Giving amlodipine with Viagra increases the risk of hypotension.[7][10 < wiki amlodipine
The prion hypothesis suggests that alpha-synuclein aggregates are pathogenic and can spread to neighboring, healthy neurons and seed new aggregates. Some propose that the heterogeneity of PD may stem from different “strains” of alpha-synuclein aggregates and varying anatomical sites of origin
The incidence rate of falls in Parkinson’s patients is approximately 45 to 68%, thrice that of healthy individuals, and half of such falls result in serious secondary injuries. Falls increase morbidity and mortality.[227]Around 90% of those with PD develop hypokinetic dysarthria, which worsens with disease progression and can hinder communication.[228]Additionally, over 80%
of PD patients develop dysphagia: consequent inhalation of gastric and oropharyngeal secretions can lead to aspiration pneumonia.[229] Aspiration pneumonia is responsible for 70% of deaths in those with PD.[230]
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Dysarthria is a speech sound disorder resulting from neurological injury of the motor component of the motor–speech system[1] and is characterized by poor articulation of phonemes.[2] It is a condition in which problems effectively occur with the muscles that help produce speech, often making it very difficult to pronounce words
For instance, English philosopher Thomas Hobbes was diagnosed with “shaking palsy”—assumed to have been Parkinson’s—but continued writing works such as Leviathan.[289][290][291] Adolf Hitler is widely believed to have had Parkinson’s, and the condition may have influenced his decision making.[292][293][294] Mao Zedong was also reported to have died from the disorder.[295]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapy_in_Parkinson%27s_disease
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell-based_therapies_for_Parkinson%27s_disease
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_Parkinson%27s_disease#
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypernasal_speech
The new treatments for PD are in clinical trials and most of them are centered on gene therapy. With this, researchers expect to compensate the loss of dopamine or to protect the dopamine neurons from degeneration.[2] The pharmacological and surgical therapies for PD focus on compensating the ganglia dysfunction caused by the degeneration of the dopaminergic neuron from substantia nigra
As the gut microbiome in PD is often disrupted and produces toxic compounds, fecal microbiota transplants might restore a healthy microbiome and alleviate various motor and non-motor symptoms.[300] Neurotrophic factors—peptides that enhance the growth, maturation, and survival of neurons—show modest results but require invasive surgical administration. Viral vectors may represent a more feasible delivery platform.[304] Calcium channel blockers may be restore the calcium imbalance present in Parkinson’s, and are being investigated as a neuroprotective treatment.[305] Other therapies, like deferiprone, may reduce the abnormal accumulation of iron in PD.[305]